• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The secondary radarSSR and DEL has a first subset (60) performing a monitoring function and a second subset (70) performing an identification function, the two subsets operating simultaneously and independently of one another, the first subassembly being coupled to a first antenna (51,53) rotatable via a rotary joint (61) and the second subassembly coupled to a second antenna (52,54) via said rotary joint , the two antennas being mounted integrally back to back. The radar system comprises a primary surveillance radar PSR and a secondary radar as defined above. The radar system can advantageously be predominantly civilian in a PSR + SSR and IFF or predominantly military configuration in a PSR + IFF and SSR configuration.
    公开号:FR3018923A1
    申请号:FR1400665
    申请日:2014-03-20
    公开日:2015-09-25
    发明作者:Philippe Billaud；David Carlier；Philippe Hitz
    申请人:Thales SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The invention relates to a dual-function secondary radar, that is to say having for example a surveillance function and a friend / foe recognition function. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0002] There are at least two types of secondary radar, surveillance radars, which will be referred to hereafter as SSR radar ("Secondary Surveillance Radar") and friend / foe reconnaissance radars (in English "Identification friend or foe" or IFF), which will later be called IFF radar. These two types of radars have very different specific missions that affect their mechanical structures and their electromagnetic properties as well as their signal processing. The SSR radars dedicated to the ATC (Air Traffic Control) civilian market, operating mainly in Mode S, are intended to conduct airspace surveillance in accordance with quality requirements defined by the air traffic control authorities. In particular, the antennas of the SSR radars are classically large (in the range of 9 meters wide) in order to present a narrow illumination beam to have at the same time: a high gain; Weak side lobes; High accuracy in azimuth. This is done to the detriment of the target lighting time, which is often quite low and sometimes incompatible with the number of shots on target and / or the response time of the military protocols, particularly in the case of speed cameras. high rotation. IFF radars must have high reliability according to military requirements. The antennas of IFF radars for the military market are typically of smaller size (about 4 meters wide) in order to have both: a smaller or the order of size than that of the military primary radar antenna; Sufficient illumination time on the target, even for high antenna rotation speeds.
    [0003] This is done to the detriment of the precision in azimuth because often that of the primary radar prevails, but also the guaranteed range as well as the resolution. In addition, the SSR / Mode S and IFF treatments, although using in practice the same 5 frequencies (1030 MHz on transmission and 1090 MHz on reception) are different and defined according to the missions: For civil radars, one Reliably applies complete SSR and Mode S protocols in high azimuthal accuracy on a very large number of aircraft with high resolution; For military radars, reliable implementation of the complete IFF Modes 4 and 5 protocols is achieved by meeting the high operating requirements in the presence of a jammer on high power targets. Despite these functional and structural differences, there is a market need for surface radars with a dual function of SSR / Mode S surveillance and friend / foe recognition. However, this dual function entails: In the case of two distinct co-located radars, simultaneous operation at the cost of the presence of reciprocal masks, of each radar vis-à-vis the other, as well as a significant cost provided by two radar infrastructures; In the case of a single radar incorporating the two functions in a single SSR and IFF subsystem: Degraded functionalities (loss of service of the non-active function) during alternating operation of the SSR and IFF functions; - Degraded performance (reduced service for both functions) for both SSR and IFF functions performed simultaneously by a single device; moreover, the architecture chosen for the SSR and IFF subsystem requires a compromise between the two missions of the radar, giving maximum performance for neither, leading in particular to a reduction of the rotational speed of the antenna 35 and / or a reduction in the instrumented distance. In addition, the realization of friend / foe reconnaissance (IFF function) leads to the loss of surveillance (SSR function) in the azimuthal sector of the designation for the purpose of friend / foe reconnaissance. Indeed, the time of illumination of the target does not allow with modern radars rapidly rotating interlace in the same antenna lobe the SSR / Mode S interrogations and those IFF. An object of the invention is in particular to allow the realization of a secondary radar performing, simultaneously in the same turn, the two functions SSR and IFF while ensuring optimum performance. For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a secondary radar comprising at least one antenna system, a first subset integrating means for transmitting, receiving and processing interrogation signals performing a surveillance radar function. SSR and a second subset integrating means for transmitting, receiving and processing interrogation signals performing a radar reconnaissance function friend / enemy IFF, the two subsets operating simultaneously and independently one of the other, the first subset SSR being coupled to a first antenna of said system capable of being rotated via a rotary joint and the second subset IFF being coupled to a second antenna of said system via said rotary joint, the two antennas being integrally mounted back to back, a rear radiating element constituting the first antenna being placed in the plane of the second antenna, a radiating element c constituting the second antenna being placed in the plane of the first antenna.
    [0004] Advantageously, the two antennas and the two sets use, for example, common mechanical, energy and civil engineering resources. The two subassemblies are for example arranged in the same cabin.
    [0005] In a particular embodiment, each of the two antennas comprises, three reception channels, a sum channel E, a difference channel A and a cont D channel, the channel cont being assigned to the rear radiating element, the signals originating from said channels being transferred to the transmitting and receiving means of said subassemblies via the rotary joint. In another possible embodiment, each of the two antennas comprises two reception channels, a sum channel E, and an AKI difference and control channel. , the difference and control channel being assigned to the rear radiating element, the signals from said channels being transferred to the transmitting and receiving means of said subassemblies via the rotary joint. Said first antenna is for example of the LVA type and said second antenna is of the beam type, other combinations being possible. Said radar comprises for example a ground plane and / or a microwave absorber separating the two antennas, the insulation between the two antennas being increased by said ground plane and / or said microwave absorber. Said subsets, for example, transmit interrogation signals asynchronously between the interrogation signals transmitted by one subset with respect to the interrogation signals transmitted by the other subset. Independently, the first subset performs for example a Mode S monitoring function and the second subset performs a friend / enemy IFF recognition function. The invention also relates to a radar system comprising a primary radar and a secondary radar, the secondary radar being a secondary radar as described above. In one possible embodiment, the antenna of the first subset 25 of said secondary radar performing the monitoring function is pointed in the same direction as the primary antenna, said system having a main monitoring function. In another possible embodiment, the antenna of the second subset of said secondary radar performing the friend / foe recognition function is pointed in the same direction as the primary antenna, said system having a primary recognition function. enemy. Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent with the aid of the following description made with reference to appended drawings which show: FIG. 1, by a block diagram an example of civil radar architecture ATC according to the art previous in the case of an SSR / Mode S radar coupled to a primary radar; FIG. 2, an exemplary embodiment of primary and secondary antennas corresponding to the ATC radar architecture of FIG. 1; FIG. 3, by a block diagram an example of a military radar architecture according to the prior art in the case of an IFF secondary radar coupled to a primary radar; FIG. 4, an exemplary embodiment of primary and secondary antennas corresponding to the military radar architecture of FIG. 3; FIG. 5, an exemplary embodiment of the SSR and IFF antenna system of a secondary SSR and IFF radar according to the invention; FIG. 6, a block diagram of the embodiment of a secondary SSR and IFF radar according to the invention; Figure 7, an exemplary embodiment of a primary surveillance radar coupled to a secondary radar according to the invention in a predominantly civilian configuration, configuration noted PSR + SSR & IFF thereafter; Figure 8, an exemplary embodiment of a primary surveillance radar coupled to a secondary radar according to the invention in a military-dominated configuration, configuration noted PSR + IFF & SSR thereafter; FIG. 1 presents, by a block diagram, an example of architecture according to the prior art of a secondary SSR / Mode S ATC radar coupled to a civilian primary radar comprising a primary antenna 11 and transmission and reception and processing means primary 12. The SSR secondary radar includes: - An antenna 1, called secondary SSR, ensuring the radiation of SSR / Mode S interrogations and the capture of responses from aircraft transponders; the secondary antenna SSR 1 and the antenna 11 of the military primary radar being pointed in the same direction in order to allow the simultaneous detection of the targets by the two radar subsystems PSR and SSR; A rotary joint 2 ensuring the passage of the RF signals between the antennas 1, 11 and the transmission and reception functions, comprising for example three RF wafers in the band L for the passage of the channels E, A, - that one will evoke thereafter; A bay 3 for the secondary equipment (redundant in this synoptic example) comprising a microwave switch 4 and two units 5A, 5B, 6A, 6B. The switch 4 makes it possible to guide the RF signals originating from the rotating joint to or from the two identical units 5A, 5B operating independently to ensure redundancy, each unit performing the following different functions dedicated to the SSR / Mode S function: A signal generator developing the SSR / Mode S interrogations according to the tasks to be performed with the predicted targets present in the main lobe; A transmitter that converts the interrogations to be radiated by the antenna into high-power RF signals; A receiver that demodulates the RF signals received by the antenna; A signal processing operating on the responses received in the main lobe of the antenna; An extractor which constitutes a plot from elementary detections (answers). Conventionally, each unit 5A, 5B also includes the redundant resources common to the following primary and secondary data processing 6A, 6B: A function of association and tracking of the primary pads PSR and secondary SSR; A management of the deportees and the supervision in particular. The outputs of the units 6A, 6B are connected via redundant interfaces 7 to 30 display and / or control or control means, in particular for civilian users. FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of primary and secondary antennas corresponding to the architecture of FIG. 1. The secondary antenna SSR 1, placed above the primary antenna 11, is pointed in the same direction as the latter. The SSR secondary antenna 1 is conventionally composed of a network of radially arranged parallel bars of the vertical building a large vertical aperture, also called LVA thereafter, to deport the radiated energy in elevation to reduce effects of ground reflections (typically its wingspan is of the order of 9 meters for a height of 1 meter). FIG. 3 presents by a block diagram an example of an architecture according to the prior art of a military IFF secondary radar coupled to a primary radar. The IFF radar conventionally comprises: An antenna 31, called secondary IFF, for example beam type, providing radiation IFF interrogations and capturing the responses from transponders on board aircraft; The secondary antenna IFF 31 and the antenna 13 of the primary radar pointing in the same direction to allow the simultaneous detection of the targets by the two radar subsystems PSR and IFF; A rotary joint 32 ensuring the passage of signals between the antennas 1, 11 and the transmission and reception functions, comprising for example three RF slabs in the L-band for the passage of the channels E, A,; An IFF equipment 33 including non-redundant functions of transmission, reception, signal generation, signal processing and pad extraction, in this example these functions are not redundant. The primary equipment 14 receives the antenna position of the encoders and diffuses the rotation of the antenna to the IFF equipment 33. A module 35 performing in particular the tracking function is connected at the output of the primary equipment 14 and the IFF equipment 33. The outputs of this module 35 are connected via interfaces 34 to viewing and / or control means, in particular for military users. The architecture of Figure 3 shows that the IFF function of the secondary radar is combined with the functions of the primary radar.
    [0006] FIG. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment of primary and secondary antennas corresponding to the architecture of FIG. 3. The secondary antenna IFF 31, placed above the primary antenna 13, is pointed in the same direction as this last, the assembly being mounted on a cabin 41 having the transmitting, receiving and processing means described with reference to FIG. 3. The secondary antenna IFF is conventionally of the beam type, having for example a span of 4 meters. in order to provide in a reduced volume at a time a main broad radiated lobe in the horizontal plane for having the illumination of the target required for the IFF protocols as well as the detections of high-elevation targets. Figures 5 and 6 illustrate an embodiment of a radar according to the invention. Such a radar combines the secondary radar modes previously described, the SSR mode, S mode, and the IFF mode. More specifically, it comprises a subset performing the monitoring function, coupled to a first antenna, and a subset performing the IFF friend / foe recognition function, coupled to a second antenna, the two subsets operating simultaneously and Independently of one another. FIG. 5 illustrates, as a more specific example, the structure of the secondary antenna system 50 of a radar according to the invention, that is to say the antenna associated with secondary radar SSR and IFF functions. The antenna system 50 is constituted by the first antenna 51 dedicated to the SSR function and by the second antenna 52 dedicated to the IFF function, the two antennas being mounted integrally back to back, that is to say that their main lobe is pointed in opposite directions. The antenna system 50 is for example a combination of antennas of the LVA-beam type. In other words, the first antenna is for example of the type of Figure 2, that is to say composed of a network of radiating bars, and the second antenna is for example of the type of the Figure 4, beam type. The invention, however, allows any other combination of antenna type: in particular LVA-LVA or beam-beam with other antenna dimensions consistent with the mission of both radars SSR and IFF A bar 53, a radiating element, constitutive of the antenna SSR 51 is disposed in the frontal plane of the IFF antenna 52. This radiating element 53, located at the rear of the main panel of the secondary antenna SSR, makes it possible to carry out a control function for the SSR mode, particularly with regard to the geographical location of the transponders received. Similarly, a part 54 constituting the IFF secondary antenna 52 is disposed in the frontal plane of the SSR antenna 51, makes it possible to perform a control function for the IFF mode. FIG. 6 schematically illustrates the secondary SSR and IFF radar assembly, encompassing SSR and IFF radar functions, operating independently, decoupled and simultaneous. For reasons of simplification, the two secondary antennas SSR 51,53 and IFF 52,54 are represented as if they belonged to the same vertical plane. The SSR function and the IFF function share several resources. The functions or shared components include: - the rotary joint 61 for the transmission of microwave signals between the antennas and the fixed part of the equipment; the motor 62 for the rotation of the rotating elements 51, 52,53,54; the mechanical support and energy management infrastructure 63; 25 the civil engineering of the radar the parametrization tools 64 of the two radar functions; the display means 65 for the display; a local communication network 66; interfaces 67, 68 to civilian users, for ATC air surveillance, and military users, for friend / foe recognition. These resources are shared with the SSR array 60 and the IFF array 70, these arrays 60, 70 respectively performing the SSR and IFF functions in cooperation with the secondary SSR and IFF antennas to which they are coupled via the rotary joint. The antennas each comprise for example: a sum channel E, for the detection; a difference channel A for the monopulse function; and a channel D for the blocking function, transmitted by the elements or rear bars 53, 54 of the secondary antennas 51, 52. The signals received by these three channels are transmitted via the rotary joint 61 to the bays SSR 60 and IFF 70. The subset 60 assigned to the SSR function comprises its own transmission, reception and processing means making it possible to perform this function, for example according to the architecture illustrated in FIG. 1. Likewise, the subset 70 assigned to the function the IFF function comprises its own means enabling it to perform this function, for example according to the architecture of FIG. 3. Beyond these own means, the two subsets share resources as indicated above. Finally, advantageously each of the two antennas 51, 52 may independently comprise either three reception channels, a sum channel (r), a difference channel (A) and a control channel (D), the control channel being assigned partly to the rear radiating element 53, 54, ie two reception channels, one sum channel (E), and one difference / control channel (ND), the difference / control channel being assigned in part to the rear radiating element 53, 54 the signals from said channels being transferred to the transmitting and receiving means of said subsets via the rotary joint.
    [0007] A secondary radar SSR and IFF according to the invention, thus combining the radar functions SSR and IFF brings the following advantages in particular: - independence of use, realizing the functions SSR and IFF with the same rotating part, including two main radiating elements, allowing ATC surveillance and friend / foe recognition simultaneously - independence of SSR and IFF functions without penalization by visibility masks: adaptation for optimizing radar mission performance, both SSR and IFF, in particular: o independent tuning radars since physically different, only the speed of rotation being common; o adaptation to the mission of the radar from different angles: - both at the antennal and civilian level: conventionally LVA of large size of the first antenna 51 to increase the accuracy and reduce the false alarm o military: conventionally beam of medium dimension for the second antenna 52 to adapt to the IFF protocol - that of the type of target of interest: o civil: high density of targets in a given sector little evolutionary, requiring mainly a high resolution; o military: the strong evolution of military targets can be taken into account by the IFF radar function without degrading the false alarm or latency required in ATC for an SSR radar; o adaptation to the specific characteristics of the 2 protocols: - SSR and / or Mode S surveillance: o precision, no interaction between civilian and military modes leading to instrumented distance reductions to make civil and military interrogations; o but also certification by the official bodies acquired independently - IFF friend / foe recognition via Mode 4 and / or Mode 5 o with a lighting time on the target totally allocated to friend / foe recognition; o but also certification by some organizations independently o adaptation to expected users who may be sometimes opposed: - civil: reliability of information: no false C (altitude) codes, no false detection, high density target processing localized - military: high reactivity rapid dissemination of detections (no filtering by tracking, no association with a PSR, ..), control link (reconfigurable radar configuration) and dedicated offset, rejection of jammers (which can generate heavy loads), especially. Logistical independence (excluding the aerial part): o no loss of service of a radar during the preventive / corrective maintenance of the other radar o no degradation of the MTBF (time of use without breakdowns) a radar function by adding a function for the other radar function (the contribution of Mode 5 requiring a very specific waveform through modulation in transmission and reception different Mode 4 / SSR / Mode S ) o no requalification of a radar function in case of evolution of the other radar function taking into account: - Mode S protocol fixes; - changes in the very recent Mode 5 protocol; the hearts of the functions (SSR / Mode S in plainclothes and IFF in military) share the same resources of the radar as shown in figure 6, in particular with regard to civil engineering 63 (pylon, building or cabin, energy management ), the motor 62 for rotation, the display 65 and the parameterization 64 locally.
    [0008] The secondary antenna SSR and IFF 50 may be associated with a primary antenna not shown. According to the embodiment, it is the secondary antenna SSR 51 or the secondary antenna IFF 52 which is pointed in the same direction as the primary antenna. In the first case, with the primary antenna and SSR secondary antenna pointing in the same direction, the complete system composed of primary and secondary radar has a function essentially of ATC monitoring, while achieving IFF friend / foe recognition. In the second case, with the primary antenna and the IFF secondary antenna pointing in the same year direction, the complete system has a function essentially of friend / foe recognition with a complementary function of airspace surveillance. FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary architecture of a system PSR + SSR & IFF with a primary radar and a secondary radar SSR and IFF, the secondary radar being produced according to the invention. In this example, the system is predominantly civilian (monitoring function). The primary radar is of the same type 11, 12 as that of Figure 1. The secondary radar SSR and IFF combines the two secondary radar functions described in Figures 1 and 3. Regarding the antenna 50, it combines back-to-back the two antennas 52, 54, 51, 53, the secondary antenna SSR 51 being pointed in the same direction as the primary antenna 11. The secondary radar SSR and IFF comprises a bay 3 for the secondary radar surveillance function, of the type of that described in FIG. 1 (here with a redundant function as an example), and furthermore includes a bay 700 for the radar reconnaissance function friend / foe. This function, however, requires an adaptation with respect to the secondary radar function described in FIG. 3. The bay 700 comprises a device 33 completed by a tracking 71, performed by a computer and connected to the interrogator and to an interface 72 for viewing. and the exploitation of IFF information, especially for civilian users. The two bays 3, 700 are connected to the antenna 50 via the rotary joint 61. In this configuration, with a dominant civilian application, supplemented by a friend / foe recognition function, the radar architecture must notably: not modify the function surveillance for military-type needs (IFF interrogation) in order to maintain the security qualification (reliability of the information broadcast by the radar usually called safety); integrate the IFF interrogator in the civil world of air traffic control, particularly with regard to supervision, interfaces and parameterization; to disseminate their data of interest to the civilian and military users. Advantageously, starting from an architecture of the type of that of FIG. 1, the adaptations to be made are relatively simple to implement, without any significant increase in the complexity of the system and congestion, this adaptation can be described as light. The changes to be applied are for example the following: at the aerial level: realization of the secondary antenna 50 combining back-to-back the two secondary antennas 51, 52, 53, 54 secondary antenna SSR 51 being pointed in the same direction as the primary antenna 11; addition to the three-way L-band rotary joint for the passage of the E, A, O. lanes - at the building or cabin level; addition of a 700 array dedicated to the IFF function including: - IFF equipment; tracking 71; adaptation of the available electrical power. The other resources are shared as shown in relation to FIG. 6 describing the principle of making a secondary radar according to the invention.
    [0009] A function to be developed is particularly in the calculator 71 mainly performing the tracking, especially so that it can be interfaced with ATC civilian air traffic control centers. The location of the IFF friend / foe recognition function in a dedicated bay 700 makes it possible to: - treat the EMC requirements without any consequence on the standard product; to add an IFF function to redundant the one described in FIG. 7. FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary architecture of a PSR + IFF & SSR system 35 with a primary radar and a secondary radar, the secondary radar being produced according to FIG. invention. In this example, the system is military-dominated (friend / foe recognition function). The primary radar is of the same type 13, 14 as that of Figure 3. The SSR secondary radar and IFF combines the two secondary radar functions described in Figures 1 and 3.
    [0010] The secondary radar comprises the bay 3 for the monitoring function as described in FIG. 1 and the equipment 33 for the IFF function. The adaptations are substantially similar to those required for the previous example, the computer 71 is no longer necessary. In a particular embodiment, the SSR position data output from the interface 7 are for example transmitted to the tracking module. PSR 35, for constituting radar information synthesized in a single message. With regard to the antenna 50, it combines back-to-back the two antennas 52, 54, 51, 53 the IFF secondary antenna 52 being pointed in the same direction as the primary antenna 13. The architecture of the system of the In particular, FIG. 8 must not modify the friend / foe recognition function for civilian purposes. Whatever the exemplary embodiment, intrinsically the simultaneous operation of the SSR function and the IFF function results in: - a microwave coupling between the two subsystems SSR / Mode S and IFF. - blocking transponders at the aircraft level. Since the two secondary radar functions operate simultaneously, to guarantee independence, it is necessary to ensure the isolation between the two functions so that they do not disturb each other, this insulation can be provided in several places. radar. The disturbances between the two functions can occur at least: by a coupling of the two antennas 51, 53 and 52, 54; by coupling at the rotary joint 61 which passes the SSR signals and the IFF signals; by a coupling at the level of the SSR and IFF equipment, more particularly at the level of the transmission and the reception of the signals, an SSR emission which can disturb an IFF reception and vice versa.
    [0011] To ensure the independence of the SSR and IFF functions in order to allow simultaneous operation (called duplex mode) and thus to cancel the pollution of the interrogations carried out during the reception listening periods, a radar according to the invention comprises for example an additional filter in each reception channel, this is applied for each channel E, A, 0. The filter is for example inserted between the microwave switch 4 and the receiver of each channel. If the transmission and reception paths are separated by a circulator, the filter is placed at the entrance of the reception channel at the output of the circulator. In practice, for a 1030 MHz interrogation, a 1030 MHz rejection filter is added in the reception channel at 1090 MHz. The back-to-back mounting of the antennas 51, 52 can cause a blocking of the transponders, this being due in particular to the rear leakage of one antenna which is superimposed on the main lobe of the other antenna. Indeed, the behavior of the transponders is such that the planes present in the airspace situated on the back of an antenna receive the SSR or Mode S interrogations by the leaks of the track sum E but do not answer it because they are blocked in "dead time" thanks to the ISLS transmitted respectively by the radiating face 51, 52 for the frontal targets outside the main lobe and the bars 53, 54 for the rear targets: following the reception of a pulse P2 on channel 0 for SSR interrogation less than 35 ps to ± 10 ps; 25 following the receipt of a pulse P5 on channel 0 for Mode S interrogation less than 45 ps. Consequently, if an SSR or Mode S or IFF interrogation is transmitted in this "dead time" interval by the other antenna towards the target, it is not interpreted by all the aircraft transponders in front of this antenna. useful antenna and close distance to the radar depending on the level of leaks, because of the blocking performed by channel 0. Subsequently, for all these targets there is lack of response on the recurrence concerned. The field radiated by leakage on the back of an antenna is in absolute level, rather low, often of the order of 30 to 40 dB below the maximum radiated field 35 in the main axis of the antenna. As a result, only targets very close to the radar can potentially crash in the event that SSR and IFF secondary radar interrogations are spaced less than 45 ps.
    [0012] To reduce the leakage of the sum channel of each antenna, a radar according to the invention comprises for example a ground plane or an absorber between the two antennas. This advantageously reduces the monitoring volume around the radar in which a blockage of transponder can occur By nature, conventionally the presence of the so-called wobbling function of the repetition frequency of the interrogations of each of the SSR and IFF secondary radars ensures that the blocking cases can only take place once per lobe. antenna. As this order of magnitude is already taken into account in the algorithms of the usual SSR and IFF extractors, the phenomenon will have no effect on the performances of secondary radars SSR and IFF. In the case where the vobulation of the repetition frequency is absent, it is possible to guarantee the most asynchronous operation possible of the two SSR and IFF processes by introducing a time difference between the SSR and IFF interrogation periods greater than 50 ps, which statistically will cause at most one case of blocking by antenna lobe. Due to the characteristics of the SSR / Mode S and IFF protocols, the complete suppression of the blocking phenomenon is not possible in a temporal way because it would induce dead times in the reciprocal sequencing of each of the two SSR and IFF radar subsystems. losing all effectiveness. On the contrary, it is preferable to provide an adjustment of the two subsystems which, by maximum asynchronism, can reduce the rate of occurrence of the blocking phenomenon.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Secondary radar, characterized in that it comprises at least one antenna system (50), a first subassembly (60) integrating means for transmitting, receiving and processing interrogation signals performing a radar function monitoring system SSR and a second subset (70) integrating means for transmitting, receiving and processing interrogation signals performing an IFF friend / foe recognition radar function, the two subassemblies (60, 70) operating simultaneously and independently of one another, the first subset SSR being coupled to a first antenna (51) of said system (50) rotatable via a rotary joint (61), and the second sub-assembly IFF assembly being coupled to a second antenna (52) of said system (50) via said rotary joint, the two antennas (51, 52) being integrally mounted back-to-back, a rear radiating element (53) constituting the first antenna ( 51) being placed in the p lan of the second antenna (52), a radiating element (54) constituting the second antenna (52) being placed in the plane of the first antenna (51).
    [0002]
    2. Secondary radar according to claim 1, characterized in that the two antennas (51, 52) and the two sets (60, 70) use common mechanical, energy and civil engineering resources.
    [0003]
    3. Secondary radar according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two subsets (60, 70) are arranged in the same cabin.
    [0004]
    4. Secondary radar according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the two antennas (51, 52) comprises, three reception channels, a sum channel (E), a difference channel (A) and a channel (0), the path cont being assigned to the rear radiating element (53, 54), the signals from said channels being transferred to the transmitting and receiving means of said subassemblies via the rotary joint (61).
    [0005]
    5. Secondary radar according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the two antennas (51, 52) comprises two reception channels, a sum channel (E), and a difference and control channel (NO), the difference and control channel being assigned to the rear radiator (53, 54), the signals from said channels being transferred to the transmitting and receiving means of said subsets via the rotary joint (61).
    [0006]
    Radar according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said first antenna (51) is of the LVA type and said second antenna (52) is of the beam type.
    [0007]
    Radar according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said first antenna (51) is of the LVA type and said second antenna (52) is of the LVA type.
    [0008]
    8. Radar according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said first antenna (51) is of the beam type and said second antenna (52) is beam type. 20
    [0009]
    9. Secondary radar according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a ground plane and / or a microwave absorbent separating the two antennas (51, 52), the insulation between the two antennas (51, 52) being increased by said ground plane and / or said microwave absorber.
    [0010]
    10. Secondary link according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said subsets (60, 70) transmit interrogation signals (91, 92) asynchronously between the interrogation signals transmitted by one subset (60) with respect to the interrogation signals transmitted by the other subset (70).
    [0011]
    11. Secondary radar according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that independently the first subassembly (51, 53, 61, 60) carries out a Mode S monitoring function and thesecond subset (52, 54, 61,70) performs an IFF friend / foe recognition function.
    [0012]
    Radar system comprising a primary radar (11, 13) and a secondary radar, characterized in that the secondary radar is a secondary radar according to any one of the preceding claims.
    [0013]
    Radar system according to claim 12, characterized in that the antenna (51) of the first subassembly (60) of said secondary radar performing the monitoring function is pointed in the same direction as the primary antenna (11). , said system having a main function of monitoring.
    [0014]
    Radar system according to claim 12, characterized in that the antenna (52) of the second subassembly (70) of said secondary radar performing the friend / foe recognition function is pointed in the same direction as the primary antenna. (13), said system having a main friend / foe recognition function. 20
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2590261T3|2016-11-21|
    FR3018923B1|2016-03-04|
    EP2922144A1|2015-09-23|
    ZA201501705B|2016-01-27|
    EP2922144B1|2016-06-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPS6288979A|1985-10-16|1987-04-23|Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk>|Composite radar for ship|
    US5311187A|1987-12-23|1994-05-10|Hollandse Signaalapparaten B.V.|Search radar system|
    FR2674635A1|1991-03-26|1992-10-02|Thomson Csf|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TESTING MULTISOURCE ANTENNA IN OPERATION|
    EP1505407A1|2003-08-08|2005-02-09|EADS Deutschland GmbH|Multifunction radar system|
    JP2007171037A|2005-12-22|2007-07-05|Toshiba Corp|Secondary monitoring radar|
    EP2431762A1|2010-09-21|2012-03-21|Thales|Method for extending the time during which targets are lit by a secondary radar|
    CN105652269A|2016-01-05|2016-06-08|四川九洲电器集团有限责任公司|Radar system integrated with friend/foe attribute identification device|
    CN105577479B|2016-01-25|2019-10-15|四川九洲电器集团有限责任公司|A kind of environment inquiry method and aviation management inquire equipment|
    FR3049353B1|2016-03-25|2018-06-22|Thales|SECONDARY RADAR FOR DETECTION OF HIGH-ELEVATION TARGETS|
    EP3446148A4|2016-04-20|2019-12-25|Saab Ab|Method and system for operating an iff/ssr antenna|
    法律状态:
    2015-03-09| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-02-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-02-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1400665A|FR3018923B1|2014-03-20|2014-03-20|SECONDARY RADAR BI-FUNCTION, AND RADAR SYSTEM COMPRISING SUCH A RADAR|FR1400665A| FR3018923B1|2014-03-20|2014-03-20|SECONDARY RADAR BI-FUNCTION, AND RADAR SYSTEM COMPRISING SUCH A RADAR|
    EP15150754.8A| EP2922144B1|2014-03-20|2015-01-12|Dual-function secondary radar, and radar system comprising such a radar|
    ES15150754.8T| ES2590261T3|2014-03-20|2015-01-12|Secondary bi-function radar, and radar system that includes such a radar|
    ZA2015/01705A| ZA201501705B|2014-03-20|2015-03-12|Bi-function secondary radar and radar system comprising such a radar|
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